ODN Optical cable lines from the business convergence point to the users are mainly divided into 4 sections: backbone, wiring/distribution, introduction, and home segment, as shown in Figure 1. Passive Splitting Architecture Optical splitters (1×4, 1×8, 1×16, 1×32, 1×64) distribute the optical power from a single feeder fiber to multiple subscribers. It is composed entirely of passive optical components that guide, split, and protect optical signals. Typical ODN components include: Pre-Connectorized Drop Cable Pre-connectorized Terminal Box Fiber optic cables (feeder, distribution, and drop) PLC splitters Fiber distribution box (FDB) Fiber. The use form can be divided into ordinary optical cable joint box, photoelectric composite optical cable standard box, and split optical cable box. According to the product structure, it can be divided into horizontal/horizontal splice closure (fiber optic horizontal splice closure), Vertical /. An Optical Distribution Network is a passive optical transmission system composed of optical fibers, splitters, distribution frames, and connectors. Its role is to transmit optical signals bidirectionally between the OLT and multiple ONUs without electrical amplification or active equipment.